NCHS Institute

 

Westward Expansion and Converging Culture in United States History

 

Finding Freely-Accessible Primary Sources on the Web

 

UCLA Library

August 14, 2007

 

Ellen Broidy

ejbroidy@library.ucla.edu

Librarian for U.S. and British History

 

 

Identifying/Evaluating Primary Sources on the Web

 

Using Primary Sources on the Web

 

This brief guide is designed to provide students and researchers with information to help them evaluate the internet sources and the quality of primary materials that can be found online.

 

California

 

Calisphere

 

Calisphere is the University of California's free public gateway to a world of primary sources. More than 150,000 digitized items — including photographs, documents, newspaper pages, political cartoons, works of art, diaries, transcribed oral histories, advertising, and other unique cultural artifacts — reveal the diverse history and culture of California and its role in national and world history. Calisphere's content has been selected from the libraries and museums of the UC campuses, and from a variety of cultural heritage organizations.

 

Chinese in California

 

Another site mounted by the Library of Congress American Memory Project. Draws resources from UC Berkeley’s Bancroft Library. Many of the resources also available via Calisphere.

 

Online Archive of California - OAC

 

Facilitates and provides access to materials such as manuscripts, photographs, and works of art held in libraries, museums, archives, and other institutions across California.

 

UCLA Oral History Program

 

The UCLA Oral History Program conducts audiotaped interviews, sometimes supplemented by video segments, of persons selected for their ability to provide first-hand observations on a variety of historical topics, principally related to the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

 

General U.S. History

 

African American Experience

 

African American Mosaic: A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Black History and Culture

 

This exhibit marks the publication of The African-American mosaic: a Library of Congress resource guide for the study of Black history and culture, the first Library-wide resource guide to the institution's African-American collections. The exhibit covers four areas, Colonization, Abolition, Migrations, and the WPA, of the black experience in the Western hemisphere.

 

American West: Development and History

 

Ancestors in the Americas

 

Website accompanying PBS documentary developed by the National Asian American Telecommunications Association. Includes links to an Asian American timeline, classroom guides for educators, and links to Asian American history website.

 

Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress

 

Access to Archival Databases (National Archives)

 

Access to a selection of nearly 50 million historic electronic records created by more than 20 federal agencies on a wide range of topics. AAD allows you to search for and retrieve specific records from selected series and data files.

 

African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P. Murray Collection (Library of Congress, American Memory)

 

The Daniel A. P. Murray Pamphlet Collection presents a panoramic and eclectic review of African-American history and culture, spanning almost one hundred years from the early nineteenth through the early twentieth centuries, with the bulk of the material published between 1875 and 1900.

 

AMDOCS: Documents for the Study of American History

 

American Civil War Homepage

 

Gathers together in one place hypertext links to the most useful identified electronic files about the American Civil War. Contains timelines, overviews, graphic images, letters, accounts, diaries and other documentary records, modern histories, FAQs, bibliographies, state studies, specific battles, rosters of combatants, miscellaneous military information, and links to other information sites.

 

American Colonist’s Library

 

A collection of primary source documents “which were most relevant to the colonists' lives in America.” Sections include Classical, Medieval and Early Modern literature the web creator determined had profound impact on the colonists. 17th century sources arranged chronologically. Other sections focus on writings of particular individuals (e.g., Washington, Adams, Jefferson) or documents covering a broad subject such as American military affairs.

 

American Memory

 

American Memory provides free and open access through the Internet to written and spoken words, sound recordings, still and moving images, prints, maps, and sheet music that document the American experience. It is a digital record of American history and creativity. These materials, from the collections of the Library of Congress and other institutions, chronicle historical events, people, places, and ideas that continue to shape America, serving the public as a resource for education and lifelong learning.

 

American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology

 

From 1936 to 1938 over 2,300 former slaves from across the American South were interviewed by writers and journalists under the aegis of the Works Progress Administration. This web site provides an opportunity to read a sample of these narratives, and to see some of the photographs taken at the time of the interviews, and to hear sound files of some interviews.

 

Avalon Project: Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy

 

California Mission Studies Association (CMSA)

 

Dedicated to the Study and Preservation of the California Missions, Presidios, Pueblos, and Ranchos and Their Native American, Hispanic, and Early American Past. Includes links to websites, articles, bibliographies, maps. In short, a wealth of information on the world of the California missions.

 

Civil War Women: Primary Sources on the Internet

 

Site includes digitized manuscripts from the Sallie Bingham Center for Women’s History and Culture at Duke University as well as links to other sites containing primary materials on women during the Civil War. Includes letters, diaries and other documents

 

Evolution of the Conservation Movement, 1850-1920.

 

Part of the American Memory Project, the site documents the historical formation and cultural foundations of the movement to conserve and protect America's natural heritage, through books, pamphlets, government documents, manuscripts, prints, photographs, and motion picture footage drawn from the collections of the Library of Congress.

 

First American West: the Ohio River Valley, 1750-1820

 

Part of the Library of Congress American Memory Project, site features 15,000 pages of original historical material documenting the land, peoples, exploration, and transformation of the trans-Appalachian West from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. The collection documents the travels of the first Europeans to enter the trans-Appalachian West, the maps tracing their explorations, their relations with Native Americans, and their theories about the region's mounds and other ancient earthworks. Books and letters document the new settlers' migration and acquisition of land, navigation down the Ohio River, planting of crops, and trade in tobacco, horses, and whiskey. Documents also reveal the lives of trans-Appalachian African Americans, nearly all of them slaves; the position of women; and the roles of churches, schools, and other institutions.

 

Geostat Center, University of Virginia. Historical Census Browser

 

Historical Demographic, Economic and Social Data of U.S. states and counties from 1790 to 1960. The original source of the each decade's data is the decennial census conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau.

 

Images of African Americans from the 19th Century

 

Searchable images from the New York Public Library Digital Library Collections: Digital Schomburg.

 

Immigration

 

Another excellent site from the Library of Congress containing links to primary sources from LC’s digital collections as well as a Learning Page with sample lesson plans.

 

Making of America – Cornell University

Making of America – University of Michigan

 

Making of America (MOA) is a digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction. The collection is particularly strong in the subject areas of education, psychology, American history, sociology, religion, and science and technology. The collection currently contains approximately 8,500 books and 50,000 journal articles with 19th century imprints."

 

National American Woman Suffrage Collection

 

The NAWSA Collection consists of 167 books, pamphlets and other artifacts documenting the suffrage campaign. They are a subset of the Library's larger collection donated by Carrie Chapman Catt, longtime president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, in November of 1938. The collection includes works from the libraries of other members and officers of the organization including: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, Alice Stone Blackwell, Julia Ward Howe, Elizabeth Smith Miller, Mary A. Livermore.

 

North American Map Archive

 

Historical maps focusing on the period of expansion (1783-1898), slavery through 1860, and the legal status of slavery through 1860. Most maps are interactive and require Shockwave plug-in.

 

Treaties between the United States and Native Americans

 

Part of the Avalon Project at Yale University (see above). Full text of treaties from 1778 to 1868.

 

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

 

Brief discussion/overview, full text of the treaty, and maps. Prepared by the Hispanic Reading Room at the Library of Congress.

 

Valley of the Shadow: Two Communities in the American Civil War

 

"The Valley of the Shadow is an electronic archive of two communities in the American Civil War--Augusta County, Va. and Franklin Co., Pa. The Valley Web site includes searchable newspapers, population census data, agricultural census data, manufacturing census data, slaveowner census data, and tax records. The Valley Web site also contains letters and diaries, images, maps, church records, and military rosters."

 

Voice of the Shuttle

 

A treasure trove of links to web resources covering U.S. and world history. Developed and maintained by a faculty member at UC Santa Barbara. As with all large “portal” sites, some links have disappeared or changed location over time.

 

Image Collections

 

California Heritage Digital Image Access Project

http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/515

 

Illustrating Traveler: Adventure and Illustration in North America and the Caribbean, 1760-1859

 

Several of the collections listed above contain images. Amongst the most noteworthy are:

 

Calisphere

American Memory

Civil War Women

Valley of the Shadow